DSCI 321 - Health Analytics Library Research Guide

The APA manual is the official style guides published by the American Psychological Association. Copies of the manual are available in the Library and the Bookstore. APA is the reference system for psychology, business, and health disciplines.

In-text Citation (Generic Example)

(Author(s), date)

Reference List Citation (Generic Example)

Surname, first initial. (date). Title. Source Title. Publication specific details.

OC Library APA Style Guide

• Short guide to APA citation

• Common examples & basic citation rules

• Follows 2020 APA Publication Manual, 7th ed.

• PDF version

Paraphrasing is the practice of restating another author's thoughts in one's own words - this is how you protect yourself from being accused of plagiarization.

Paraphrasing is a method that helps you to accurately share someone else's ideas without simply repeating their words verbatim. From a technical perspective, paraphrases typically exhibit a significant equivalence of meaning across a given text length. A paraphrase is a sentence or phrase that conveys the same meaning as another sentence or phrase using a different set of words.

Paraphrasing always requires that you cite the original source

The fair dealing provisions contained in the Canadian Copyright Act permit the use of a copyright-protected work without permission from the copyright owner or the payment of copyright royalties. 

OCtopus content, Research Databases A-Z, E-Journals, eTextbooks, and Course Resources List contain licensed content, most of which is copyrighted protected material. The OC Copyright Fair Dealing Policy is based on the concept of "Fair Dealing." Fair Dealing is a user's right in copyright law that permits using or "dealing" with a copyright-protected work without permission or paying copyright royalties (fees). 

The fair dealing exception in the Copyright Act allows you to use other people’s copyright-protected material for the purpose of research, private study, education, satire, parody, criticism, review or news reporting, provided that what you do with the work is ‘fair.’

The OC Copyright Fair Dealing Policy identifies how much of a copyrighted work can be used (copy) for education, research and private study purposes. 

Note: if your use is for criticism, review or news reporting, you must also mention the source and author of the work for it to be fair dealing.

For further information, see Copyright - Fair Dealing Policy. 

Warning 

You should not upload any content you obtain through the library to an Artificial Intelligence tool. The library signs contracts with different vendors and publishers, which set out specific terms and conditions that users are responsible for complying with when accessing content. While what is permitted is not uniform across all resources, most agreements do not allow for the uploading of copyright-protected works to third-party platforms, including genAI tools. 

A DOI is a unique number made up of a prefix and a suffix separated by a forward slash. This is an example of one: 10.1000/182. It is resolvable using our proxy server by displaying it as a link: https://doi.org/10.1000/182. They can be located in the article itself or in the OCtopus Detailed record.

Always identify the format of the information (article, book, webpage, video, etc.)  and the number of authors.

APA rules are based on format and number of authors. 

Also, check for a DOI (Digital Object Identifier).